Skip to content
Back to glossary
MechanicalMay 9, 2026|3 min read

Buckling

Buckling is a core engineering term. Definition, usage notes, and a practical example.

Definition

Buckling is lateral instability of a slender member under compression.

Why it matters

Even when strength is adequate, geometric instability can limit the part.

How it is used

In a design check, first define the relevant load, dimension, material, or flow condition. Then interpret this term by its role in the formula and compare it with limits.

Design note

In buckling checks, unsupported length, end restraint, and section moment of inertia can govern before material strength does. Columns, shafts, screws, and thin sheet parts under compression are sensitive to small eccentricities and initial curvature. For that reason, yield stress alone is not a sufficient check; effective length factor and connection stiffness should be recorded as design assumptions.

Example

A long slender column can buckle before reaching yield stress.

Formulas

No formulas added for this term.